Abstract

This document describes how you can monitor an Oracle database server such as:

  • Connection time
  • A recent restart
  • The number of connections
  • Cache hit
  • Dead lock
  • etc

 

There are some steps you’ll need to follow in order to monitor a new database machine: 

  • Understand what is already available (in the Shinken Entreprise installation) 
  • Setup the oracle user account
  • Test the connection to the database 
  • Setup your server host definition  



What is already available in the Shinken Installation

To make your life a bit easier, a few configuration tasks have already been done for you:

  1. Installation of Oracle instant Client
  2. Installation of check_oracle_health plugin : /var/lib/shinken/libexec/check_oracle_health
  3. Several host templates are ready to be used

 

We suppose here that the Oracle machine you want to monitor is named srv-lin-1 and is a linux. Please change the configuration and commands according with the real name of your server.


Setup the oracle user account

Create the database user
 

You will need to configure the user for all your oracle databases.

Connect to your database as sysadmin on the oracle server :


srv-lin-1:oracle# sqlplus "/ as sysdba"



And then create your shinken account on the database:


CREATE USER shinken IDENTIFIED BY shinkenpassword;
GRANT CREATE SESSION TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT any dictionary TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON V_$SYSSTAT TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON V_$INSTANCE TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON V_$LOG TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE TO shinken;



And for old 8.1.7 database only:


---- if somebody still uses Oracle 8.1.7...
GRANT SELECT ON sys.dba_tablespaces TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON dba_temp_files TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON sys.v_$Temp_extent_pool TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON sys.v_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER TO shinken;
GRANT SELECT ON sys.v_$session TO shinken;


 

 

Test the connection

To see if the connection to the database named PROD is ok, just launch :


/var/lib/shinken/libexec/check_oracle_health --connect "(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = srv-lin-1)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SID = PROD)))" --user "shinken" --password "shinkenpassword" --mode connection-time


  


The DATABASES data you will find in the host template matches to the SID of you Oracle database. 


Manage more than 1 database on the same host

All checks presents in Oracle templates provided by Shinken Entreprise use the "Duplicate For Each" functionality.

For each database name listed in the DATA "DATABASES", check will be duplicated. An host, having 2 databases, will then have in double each checks with the datatabase name in the check.

Let's look an example: an host has the following:

  • The data "DATABASES" set to "DB1,DB2,DB3"
  • The oracle template attached on it.
  • Let's consider the Oracle-$KEY$-corrupted-blocks checks. He will then have 3 checks:
    • Oracle-DB1-corrupted-blocks
    • Oracle-DB2-corrupted-blocks
    • Oracle-DB3-corrupted-blocks

If you need to set a specific port of connection for 1 of the database, you can provide it as parameters of the Database:

Let's look image the DB2 don't use the 1521 port set by default:

  • Change the data "DATABASES" in that way "DB1,DB2$(5000)$,DB3".
  • For the duplication on the DB2, then the value1 5000 will be provided to each check and will overload the default port.


What is checked with the templates


Public templates

oracle

This is the very basic Oracle template allowing to know if your Oracle database is running and usable.

Every Oracle templates (except Oracle-connection-method) use it as a parent template.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
tnspinglistener   
process-usagePercentage of max possible processes0% to 100%8090
sga-shared-pool-freeFree Memory in the Shared Pool0% to 100%10:5:
tablespace-usageUsed diskspace in the tablespace0% to 100%9098
corrupted-blocksNumber of corrupted blocks in database0 to n110
invalid-objectsSum of faulty Objects, Indices, Partitions0 to n0.10.1


oracle-full

Contains all Oracle host templates listed in the Shinken Adminstrators templates.

Using the oracle-full template will require a lot of resources on your poller daemon. We advise to use only needed templates.


Shinken Administrator templates (can't be seen by other users)

oracle-connection-method

This template describes the method to connect to an Oracle database. Every Oracle templates use it as a parent template.

The parameters common to every Oracle server monitored shoud be setted in the oracle-connection-method host template.

If you have many connection method, do you own template and attach it to host.



oracle-availability

 This template gives informations about the database availability.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
connection-timeTime to contact the database0 to n seconds0.51


Oracle-datafile

 This template gives informations about the datafile availability.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
datafile-io-trafficSum of IO-Operationes from Datafiles per secondn/sec10005000
datafiles-existingPercentage of max possible datafiles0% to 100%8090


Oracle-flash-recovery-area

This template allow to know about the used diskspace in the flash recovery area.

 

To be used only if you are using flash recovery area.


CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
flash-recovery-area-usageUsed diskspace in the flash recovery area0% to 100%9098


Oracle-pga

This template allows to know the percentage of sorts that are done to disk vs. in-memory.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
pga-in-memory-sort-ratioPercentage of sorts in the memory0% to 100% 99:90:


Oracle-redo

This template gives complete informations about the redolog.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
switch-intervalInterval between RedoLog File Switches0 to n600: 60:
retry-ratioRetry-Rate in the RedoLog Buffer0% to 100%110
redo-io-trafficRedolog IO in MB/secn/sec199200


Oracle-rman

This template indicates if there are any RMAN backup problem in the last 3 days.

To be used only if you are using RMAN.


CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
rman-backup-problemsNumber of RMAN-errors during the last three days0 to n1 2


Oracle-rollback-segment

This template gives informations about the Rollback segment. Rollback segment record the actions of transactions in the event that a transaction is rolled back.


CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
roll-header-contentionRollback Segment Header Contention0% to 100% 12
roll-block-contentionRollback Segment Block Contention0% to 100%12
roll-hit-ratioRollback Segment gets/waits Ratio0% to 100%99:98:
roll-extendsRollback Segment Extends nn/sec1100
roll-wrapsRollback Segment Wraps nn/sec1100


Oracle-sga

This template gives complete information about the SGA (System Global Area).

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
sga-data-buffer-hit-ratioHitrate in the Data Buffer Cache0% to 100% 98:95:
sga-library-cache-gethit-ratioHitrate in the Library Cache (Gets)0% to 100%98:95:
sga-library-cache-pinhit-ratioHitrate in the Library Cache (Pins)0% to 100%98:95:
sga-library-cache-reloadsReload-Rate in the Library Cachen/sec1010
sga-dictionary-cache-hit-ratioHitrate in the Dictionary Cache0% to 100%95:90:
sga-latches-hit-ratioHitrate of the Latches0% to 100%98:95:
sga-shared-pool-reloadsReload-Rate in the Shared Pool0% to 100%110


Oracle-soft-parse

This template gives information about soft parse. It can give you an idea if an application and corresponding SQL statements are being used inefficiently

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
soft-parse-ratioPercentage of soft-parse-ratio0% to 100% 90:98:


Oracle-stale-statistics

This template allows to know about stale statistics.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
stale-statisticsSum of objects with obsolete optimizer statisticsn10 100


Oracle-tablespace

This template gives informations about tablespace such as fragmentation, if it's possible to allocate the next extent and potentially when a tablespace will be full.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
tablespace-fragmentationFree Space Fragmentation Index100 to 130:20:
tablespace-can-allocate-nextChecks if there is enough free tablespace for the next Extent   
tablespace-remaining-timeSum of remaining days until a tablespace is used by 100%. The rate of increase will be calculated with the values from the last 30 days. (With the parameter –lookback different periods can be specified)Days90:30:


Oracle-top10-stats

This template give global statistics.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
seg-top10-logical-readsSum of the userprocesses under the top 10 logical readsn19
seg-top10-physical-readsSum of the userprocesses under the top 10 physical readsn19
seg-top10-buffer-busy-waitsSum of the userprocesses under the top 10 buffer busy waitsn19
seg-top10-row-lock-waitsSum of the userprocesses under the top 10 row lock waitsn19


Oracle-usage

This template indicates the percentage of maximum possible sessions and how many users are connected.

CheckDetailCheck rangeDefault WarningDefault Critical
session-usagePercentage of max possible sessions0% to 100%8090
Connected usersNumber of currently connected users0 to n50100


How to 

 

Configuration of Oracle-connection-method host template

Click on Hosts then on Hosts Templates in the Elements menu

In the Name field, type oracle.

Then clic on Oracle-connection-method

Clic on Data tab 

You can setup the following DATA : 

  • DATABASES : the name(s) of the Oracle SID database(s) to be monitored.
  • ORACLE_CONNECTION_STRING : this is the Oracle connection string which allow to connect and do request toward the databases.
    Unless you know what your doing, you will rarely have the need to modify it.
  • ORACLE_PASSWORD : the oracle password of the user used to connect to database
  • ORACLE_USER : the oracle user name used to connect to database
  • ORACLE_PORT : the listening port of the Oracle database server

 

 

 

 

 


The parameters specifics to each server, such as database name (AKA SID) for example, has to be done in the host's data itself.

It's a best practice to use the same database monitoring user on every Oracle server monitored. Doing so, you can configure the database user/password only once in the host template oracle-connection-method.


 


Attach an oracle template to you host

Clic on Hosts in the Elements menu

Add the chosen Oracle host template to the Host Templates to inherit field.

For example the Oracle host template.

Click on the Data tab

Look for the field DATABASES in the From templates data

 

Type the name of the database to be monitoring

Check if the Following data are ok.

 

 

You can monitor multiple database on the same host in typing the name of the database SID separated by a comma.

Exemple : DB1,DB2,DB3


How to create you own template

TODO


create you own pack!

TODO


Use your own plugin

TODO